TOMATOES: Antioxidants, chemicals that help "clean up" cell-damaging molecules in your body called free radicals, come in many forms. Tomatoes are chock-full of lycopene, which is one type of a group of antioxidants called carotenoids. You’ll get plenty of it by eating raw tomatoes. But you can bump up your intake by cooking them into a sauce or eating them with a little oil.
GARLIC: When it comes to antioxidant power, raw garlic packs a punch. Allicin, garlic’s antioxidant workhorse, needs a few minutes to start working after you crush or chop the seasoning. Let minced garlic sit before adding it to a dish. If you plan to cook it, keep the temp below 140 F, or wait until you’re nearly done to add it to the pan. Don’t overdo it! Too much garlic can sour your stomach, breath, and body odor.
DARK CHOCOLATE: Chocolate lovers, rejoice. Your favorite sweet treat delivers antioxidants. The key is to nosh on chocolate with a high cocoa content. Choose dark types over milk or white chocolate. Enjoy it in moderation, though. Chocolate candy is high in both fat and sugar. For a sugar-free fix, sprinkle unsweetened cocoa powder into your oatmeal or smoothie.
LIVER: Cow, chicken, and other animal liver is rich in vitamin A, a powerful antioxidant that helps with bone health, vision, and boosts your body’s defenses against illness. If you find the taste too strong, soak it in milk before cooking or mix small pieces into ground beef for chili or tacos. But go easy if you’re pregnant or watching your cholesterol. Too much vitamin A isn’t good for growing babies. And liver is high in cholesterol.
KALE: This leafy green gives you beta-carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, all of which are antioxidants. Toss kale in salads or blend it into smoothies to get your daily dose. You can also serve it in soups and stews or bake it into crunchy "chips." But know that heat lowers its antioxidant power slightly.
COFFEE: That morning cup of joe does more than wake you up. The antioxidants inside can help ward off cell damage. Don’t load up on cream or sugar, which add calories. To avoid caffeine overload, limit yourself to three to four 8-ounce cups a day.
WALNUTS: Compared to most other common nuts, walnuts have the most polyphenols, a type of antioxidant. You only have to eat about seven to get the health benefits. Raw is best. Roasting can keep the antioxidants from working well.
BERRIES: Name a berry, and it’s probably a good source of antioxidants. Blueberries, cranberries, strawberries, blackberries, raspberries, even goji berries, are all at the top of the list of antioxidant-rich fruits. Berries are low in calories and high in fiber. One cup of fresh or frozen berries a day should do you right.
RED PEPPER: Bell peppers are all good sources of antioxidants, but red peppers take the prize. They’re full of carotenoids that can help prevent certain cancers. They’re sweet enough to snack on raw, which is how they deliver their antioxidants best.
ARTICHOKES: The U.S. Department of Agriculture ranks artichokes No. 7 on its list of antioxidant-rich foods. Unlike some other veggies, artichokes actually give you more antioxidants after you cook them. Try steaming them whole or roasting them in the oven.
SWEET POTATOES: Sweet potatoes’ orange hue makes them a great source of beta-carotene, an antioxidant that helps ward off disease. Keep your portions sensible, since carb-filled potatoes can quickly raise your blood sugar levels. Bake or microwave with the skins on to unlock their power to fight free radicals.
WINE: A substance in red wine called resveratrol may help protect your heart by preventing damage to blood vessels. You can get the same benefit without alcohol by eating red grapes. But if a nightly glass of merlot is part of your routine, it’s nice to know it could be giving you an antioxidant boost. Just keep it to one glass if you're a woman, or two if you're a man.
REVIEWED BY: Kathleen M. Zelman, MPH, RD, LD, WebMD, on February 17, 2020
SOURCES:
Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: "Antioxidants -- Protecting Healthy Cells," "Benefits of Coffee."
American Institute for Cancer Research: "Tomatoes."
Cleveland Clinic: "6 Surprising Ways Garlic Boosts Your Health."
Nutrition Journal: "The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide."
American Academy of Family Physicians: "Antioxidants: What You Need to Know."
National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements: "Vitamin A."
New England Journal of Medicine: "Teratogenicity of high vitamin A intake."
Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health: "Antioxidants," "Sweet Potatoes."
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia: "Composition and antioxidant activity of kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) raw and cooked."
Food & Function: "Nuts, especially walnuts, have both antioxidant quantity and efficacy and exhibit significant potential health benefits."
News Release, American Chemical Society.
Mayo Clinic: "Antioxidants," "Red wine and resveratrol: Good for your heart?" "Does coffee offer health benefits?"
Stanford Medicine: "Antioxidants as Part of Your Cancer Treatment."
Journal of Food Science: "Antioxidant activities of different colored sweet bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L.)," "Antioxidant Properties and Phenolic Compounds of Vitamin C-Rich Juices."
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry: "Effects of different cooking methods on antioxidant profile, antioxidant capacity, and physical characteristics of artichoke."
Journal of Food Science and Technology: "Red pepper (Capsicum annuum) carotenoids as a source of natural food colors: analysis and stability -- a review."
Preventive Nutrition and Food Science: "Effects of Different Cooking Methods on the Antioxidant Properties of Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)"
U.S. Department of Agriculture: "National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference."
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